POLITICS BY OTHER MEANS.( A diplomat's views)

BY K P PASWAN.

It was during the grea Hindu gathering known as the KUMBH in Prayagraj, I was accompanying the family members of an American Physicist with a Nobel in Physics. A devout Quaker with outstanding knowledge of Hindu scriptures happens to be my mentor, While travelling to New Delhi we overheard conversation among a group of passengers belonging to a neighbouring country. These conversation was heard while passing over Iran.

 One of the passangers was lamenting that the administration of Donald Trump has fallen into the hands of communal minded Hindus. At that time Ms Tulsi Gabard was being heard in the Senate for confirmation as the Director of American Intelligence. Mrs Gabbard is known for her deep knowledge of Hindu scriptures, At the time of hearing she swore by placing her hand on the Geeta. 

It is mentioned that the former American Secretary of State Tony Blinken was an anti Indian while Marco Rubio is an anti Pakisan and certainly not anti Indian.

style="text-align: justify;">At the Kumbh there were discussions on physics, politics and the economic   The journey of these great brains went unpublished and after witnessing these scientists having holy dip   was impressive and surprising. I am writing a blog titled as IN SEARCH OF A DEITY, this is likely  to be completed in time and may be presented a copy to my mentor and another copy to Carlo Rovelli a famous French physicist who is telling scientists that the cosmic dance of Lord Shiva repesent the flows of time but my own mentor thinks that the holy verses of Rigveda are flows of time. While a famous physicist who has become a pastor in South Africa wants to erase the concept of time to make the Deity more powerful. This scholar is also well versed in the  Upnishads.

                   Here we are concerned with politics. In this politics by other means Ms Tulsi Gabbard may be caosidered a major participants.

Leader of opposition in India has only one agenda. He wants to know the relations between Adani and Modi, Several incompetent politicians who are supporters of the leader of opposition raised this strange question in the parliament and created rukus when theey failed to get an answer. These India lawmakers never bothered to know the relations between Trump and Elon Musk and Trump's close relations with other business magnets.

Now readers may be curious to know the role of Ms Gabbard in the murky Indian politics. Ms Tulsi Gabbard was confirmed with convincing majority in the American Senate and now she is the head of powerful Intelligence Agency of the USA.

USA INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY is the powerful agency which is responsible for shaping and predicating the status of the mighty nation.American greatness has been a great idea but it has failed to build upon it and it is said that the end of America' unquestioned hegemony has already began. But what is the reality?.

The global economy is now multipolar and so too is global politics The US confronts autonomous allies as well as new political ideologies and actors unimagined at the high point of the American history. Advanced industrial society is  obsessed with the phenomenon of decline. Both the US under Trump and the Europe recurrently justify necessity of political and institutional innovations and activitism as a response to the threat of decline. America under Trump present themselves as fighting declinism.

The reality of declinismis however may be found in the official published views of th United States Intelligence Community. Thefirst report known as the GLOBAL TREND( Part 1) was published in 2008 this  report entitled GLOBAL TREND 2025 made this predictions " The US will remain the single most powerful country but will be less dominant The report was further revised in 2012. It declares " No country whether the US, China or any other big countries will be a hegemonic power, The empowerment of individuals and diffusion of power among states and from states to informal networks will have a dramatic impact, Largely reversing the historic rise of the US since WW1.

The reports focuss on the growth of powerful and internationallly active non state actors like business, religious organisations and above all criminal networks.

And Ms Tulsi Gabbard as the new head of this intelligence community has not altered the findings of the report.

America's image in India is at a favourable 70% and as the latest survey Pew Research Centre would indicate. It is a relationship that resonates in the popular mind and for an inspirational middle class, the American dreams attracts and beckons in myriad way.

       RAISINA DIALOGUE.                               

POLITICS BY OTHER MEANS. Mrs Gabbad is the right person to reveal the relations between Adani and Modi.  I was surprised to see that none of the stalwarts who questioned Adanis'friendship with Modi dared to meet Ms Gabbard. News channels supporting the Dynasty maintained studied silence. In fact no body in India even tried to draw the attention of Ms Gabbard. Most probably Narendra Modi will be lost in the crowd following the general election of 2029 and if somehow(unlikely) the dynasty has a friendly government than the dynasty may need the support of Adani for survival. If anti Modi forces are convinced that there is unholy nexus between Modi and a few Indian business magnets than the new FBI chie Kashyap Vinod Patel and the new Chief of American Intelligence community Ms Gabbard shall remove the cloud. But the fact of the matter is that  a few disgruntled politicians who are misguiding members of the dynasty are playing dirty games.

     FINAL THOUGHT.

 Raisina dialogue is important in the sense that for the first time a Chief of American Intelligence was participating in the debat. America;s role in a new political role has been elaborated in the report GLOBAL TREND (1&2) and as stated earlier Ms Gabbard has neither added nr expanded the report.  Trump is influenced by this findings and for this reasons he is abusing political heads of the world . But it appears that Modi;s baitors have no courage to ask specific question to a trusted lieutenant of Trump.

NEITHER RAM NOR IMAM.

BY K P PASWAN

 We had a number of PMs in India who worked within the meaning of democratic principles and made a place in history  The first PM Pt Nehru is still remembered as highly educated with scientific temper and not for any grand contribution in any field. A number of Technical institutes were opened but these steps were not enough for an underdeveloped country to impress the world. His policy of mixed economy and the five years plan failed to make India an emerging economy. He tried to become a Statesman when Cold war was gaining strength.But he failed as with mischievous smiles the American Secretary of State Faster Dulles mocked India under Pt Nehru.  Another American diplomat Else Worth Bunker overshadowed the Indian PM. And the humiliation of India reached its zenith in1962 when China  launched operation Land Grab and India suffered humiliating defeat.  He died in 1964 as a depressed man. 

Coming to  Atal Bihari Bajpayee, he was a patriot and  a flopped Hindi poet( 1998) As  the PM of democratic India, he headed a coalition of nearly two dozens political parties.  He is  still remembered by a large section of society for his speaking power and his ability to appease everybody  including traitors, patriots and antisocial elements.

He started his political career during the period of Jawaharlal Nehru. He won and lost  election several times, his main opponent as per records was Mrs Shubhadra Joshi who defeated Vajpayee many times but Vajpayee bounced back from different constituency. His political party Jansangh was known for pro Hindu stands. Balraj Madhok  was a formidable critics of Vajpayee  Madhok had to  quit the party or most probably   was shown the door. Vajpayee waited for the top position for long but he never got an opportunity to lead the country.  Certain political figures became PM with help from other smaller parties but Vajpayee was denied the premiership. It is surprising because Vajpayee was perhaps the most experienced politician of contemporary India.

This blogger cleared the UPSC and got the service of choice so  during this period I was in the best service of the time . I  quit the service under extreme pathetic condition. An young bride of 22 years educated in Miranda House touched her final destiny in a French Air crash and she is sleeping peacefully at the bottom of Atlantic.  I am no longer in the service , however the strict discipline does not   prevents me to remain a sincere critic. 

Before abusing K P Paswan in filthy language please study the nature of administration under this PM.

  Post Pt Nehru and before Narsingh Rao India witnessed three traitors as the PMs who compromised the security of India and acted as well wishers of Pakistan.

There was V P Singh who laid the foundation of social tension and we find Indra Kumar Gujral as the PM, who in the guise of Gujral Doctrine opened the door for ISI agents from Pakistan.  At last Vajpayee got an opportunity to lead the nation but he had to sacrifice his stand on Hindu religion.  Grand old party that is Congress lost its charm and the reason was the absence of a charismatic leader. With spread of education and the improved system of communication it was difficult for  the Congress party to remain in power. So now it was Vajpayee to steep in and occupy the chair of PM.

 We dont find any radical economic and political reforms but in order to remainin power , he virtually followed the ideology of Congress party. Narsingh Rao a former PM had already opened the Indian economy and Vajpayee had nothing to do further . With opening of Stock markets top business magnets of India were adjusting themselves  as per new environments. No credit should be given to Vajpayee for keeping the economy stable. 

 But it was his policy towards Pakistan which reflected his weakness not seen in the period of either Pt Nehru or Narsingh Rao. However there was difference in international politics. Communism collapsed and Russia lost its status of a Superpower. Cold war was hibernated and a new political order  engulfed the world. In this new world politics  there were several centre of powers and it was beyond the ability of Vajpayee to  bring India at per with new political order. He was only conscious of his image and nothing else. 

 Nuclear experiments in Pokhran was meaningless as India was already a nation with Nukes and the credit goes to Indira Gandhi. Further Pakistan was being picked by the US to face the new global politics.  Vajpayee journeyed  to Islamabad in a BUS but his counterpart Gen Musharraf was not impressed and the cunning General inaugurated an era of horrendous killing in India warning Vajpayee that  Pakistan could destabilize India. Vajpayee gave grand welcome to Gen Musharraf in Agra even after knowing that Gen Musharraf was a competitive enemy and not a political rival.

 During his period a large  number of young commissioned army  officers who received their training in National Defence Academy were allowed to be butchered by Pakistani soldiers without any border skirmishes. With Pakistan Vajpayee played a game of love and hate, a legacy of Nehru era but this policy was going to cost the Indian PM who who sought to turn himself from a bumbling office holder into a victorious commander Vajpayees opponents were waiting to pounce. 

Kargil war with Pakistan was  anticipated long ago. A willy General Musharraf knew the image building exercise of Vajpayee. Musharraf was not elected democratically ,he grabbed the power by toppling th government of Elder Sharif brother. Vajpayee was unprepared for this war. While Pakistan did not mind its suffering and humiliation India was not prepared for humiliation. It was a war which cost Vajpayee his post and the party suffered humiliation .The grand old party bounced back. It is still not clear the foreign policy of this Hindi poet who claimed to have  vast experience. While Vajpayee released Kandahar hijackers in exchange of Indian passengers but India had to set free a good number of dreaded terrorists from Pakistan who are still active and operates from Pakistan. V P Singh also released terrorists from Kashmir in exchange of the daughter of the most communal Home Minister.

AND THE FINAL THOUGHT. 

 From Texas I was watching the last rites of Vajpayee. I was surprised to see a former Home Minister who encouraged genocides in J&K and released a dreaded terrorist in exchange of his kidnapped daughter. He was paying the last homage to Vajpayee.  

Once Vajpayee  addressed a group of  eighteen officers, I was one of them. His words still haunts me. He told us "We will remain confident,tough and confident and consistent in our fight to destroy the terrorists completely."  For all the steel in his voice  his words did not inspire confidence. So after witnessing the former Home Minister attending the last rites of Vajpayee, as a lessor mortal I concluded that Vajpayee fought for himself. He condemned N Modi but within years Modi won absolute majority and formed the government.By sacrificing  large number of young army officers Vajpayee failed to get what he wanted, Nobel for peace was preserved for war monger Obama.

Vajpayee did not fight for Ram and Imam so he got neither RAM nor IMAM. 

WEAPONS IN MODERN WARS.

  By K P PASWAN

 We are witnessing different kinds of-genocides and terror activities. Civilization is filled with such type of conflicts, only the nature of conflicts and  weapons have changed.  Human race  survived with  weapons made of stones and spears  in ancient time and continues to survive with  Submarines and  Nuclear arsenal in modern time. We are becoming  more and more rational in our approach and dont care much about  any supernatural deity, responsible for our existence. Surprisingly we dont know anything about the birth of the universe. And a large number of people whether educated or not have little interest  in the origin of the universe as there is no body to tell any thing about the parents of the universe Yet wonder of modern technology forces us sometimes to know the mystery of the universe. Several scientific theories habe been presented to give the idea that the universe may or may not be the offspring of a supernatural deity.

From time immemorial human beings have developed weapons made of stones and iron for hunting animal for foods. With passage of times these weapons are now characterised as destroyer of human beings and in the last six centuries these weapons played important role in the colonization of different lands in different parts of the world. Colonization was not possible without horrendous killing of the natives and the genocides of the defeated people by better and lethal weapons in the hands of colonizers..

 India was ruled by robbers as they had sophisticated weapons  while the  natives fought with arrows and  spears made up of irons. When Alexander invaded India in 326BC, his army consisted of horse riders with spears in their hands while Indian kings had elephants with bows and arrows  and fought with Alexander's soldiers like wrestlers.

 Deadly weapons were manufactured based on science based technology. These weapons were used in the beginning of the 20th century by the Western countries . There were fierce competitions among the colonial powers to enforce hegemony and more than half of the world was colonized by a few countries of modern Europe. an>

Roles of Science.Science played important roles in the development of modern deadly weapons. In the beginning of the 20th century sophisticated assault guns were introduced, Steps were taken to introduce better communication system. Railways were introduced by Great Britain in its colonies and  Britain was boasting of its rail development but France and Germany were not legging behind. Navy vassals were operated by steam engine but better communication was still a distant dream. Meanwhile Americans were thinking to manufacture aircrafts as the cars were already introduced in the US. WW1 witnessed sophisticated weapons  playing havoc in the affected nations. Surprisingly they US soldiers fought war with assault rifels borrowed from France and UK. Before the start of WW2 fighter jets were introduced and steps were  taken in the US and UK and Germany to manufacture atom bomb. Navy and the war planes played vital role in the WW2.

The US and Weapons.America's traditional hostility to central state power meant that it was a surprisingly  reluctant military powe.r After WW1 the US rapidly disarmed leaving  only its naval power intact The US did not set about translating  its economic potential  into a truly  globe-embracing  full spectrum  military dominance  untill    FDR took the decision to expand  the army, air force and navy simultaneously. In military terms  the US was a junior partner till the WW1 In the bloody battles of  of the St Mihiles and in the Orgonne forest  Americans fought with the British and French weapons not the other way around.

The US changed the nature of weapons  From deadly assault rifles to destructive Nukes the US emerged unchallenged manufacturers of deadly weapons. Heavy tanks, fighter jets and Missiles decides the outcome of a deadly war. After WW2 there was only one Superpower and it was the US followed by USSR but the US  started dictating the politics of the world. In the manufacture of deadly arms a few nations of Western Europe also tried to challenge the hegemony of the US. France and Germany are also manufacturing fighter jets and missiles. German made heavy tanks  are equal in strength with American made heavy tanks named as leopard

At present Ukraine is fighting Russia and Israel is fighting the terrorists who are  being financed by a rich Iran. Modern and sophisticated weapons are being used in Ukraine and in the Gaza patty. Now we are witnessing pilot less Drones and Cyberattacks  causing more harms than tanks and traditional weapons. China is also not legging in producing fighter jets and missiles. Chinese strongman Xijinping has declared that the time was ripe for China to play central role in the world.

 TERRORISTS AND WEAPONS. modern weapons  have given a new lease of life to certain groups of terrorist organisations  like Al Qaeda and ISIS , not to speak of Talibans, Hamas and Hezbullah. The terrorists have in their possession all types of weapons except Nukes and the days may not be far off when the terrorists in Pakistan and N Korea  snatch Nukes from the army. In Pakistan ,Army itself is sponsoring terror attacks in most parts of the world but specially in the middle east. Easy availability of deadly weapons has increased insurgency The sickening rhythm of suicide bombings in Sudan and in different parts of the middle East is quickening again.  In the Middle East Tribal conflicts are based upon suicide bombing.Insurgency in any part of world is not possible without  smuggling of arms by insurgents.

 

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 Modern warfare forces the fighting nations to witness the door to hell.  The movie Star wars inspired to manufacture  weapons  which travels as fast as the sound. Russia has in its possession the Thermo nuclear device known as the Tsar Bomba while the US has the capacity to disturb the gravity of the entire solar system. It was deadly weapon which prolonged war in Vietnam, Afghanistan. And modern weapons have destroyed Ukraine and the Middle East. Fortunately manufacturing arms is linked with a prosper economy and only few countries are economically strong to introduce  and manufacture arms capable enough for Apocalypse. We must bear in mind that two bankrupt and starving nations have Nukes but they cannot fight hell owing to weak economy.

IRAN FIGHTS WITH ISRAEL

 

 By K P PASWAN

At present we are witnessing certain features of new global order. A section of people want to know whether we are heading for a world war. They are mostly confused and thinks that global war means a nuclear war without realizing that Hiroshima and Nagasaki cannot be reenacted and in a new global order even the beggars and bankrupt have nukes. These beggars can glorify but cannot use Nukes as launching of these Nukes mean certainly self-destruction. In the case of N Korea Japan and S Korea will not allow N Korean Nukes to cross the Korean peninsula and in the case of Pakistan, launching of Nukes against means birth of two new nations  taken out from the large swath of the Islamic country.

So, forget about global war and think about regional wars which are going to be frequent in coming years. We are witnessing two regional wars. Ukraine crisis is no more talked about loudly as Russia is virtually racing ahead and Ukraine is sinking. Second regional war is strange and interesting. Groups of terrorists are fighting a tiny nation of Jews. Two groups of terrorists namely Hezbollah and Hamas are fighting with Israel. It is said that from the date of its birth Israel has never lost a war with these terrorists and their supporters and that terrorists have never won a war with Israel. What is strange is that Iran an oil rich and a Shia majority state is funding and sheltering the terrorists to fight Israel and as a consequence terrorists are being butchered like animals causing clinical depression among terrorists and inflicting excruciating to bigots of Iran who are investing in war the outcome is a forgone conclusion.

It is alleged that Israel is committing genocide of Palestinians, but the bigger question who are being killed? And the answer is that terrorists are meeting their ends as predicted, War of attrition is going on between Iran and Israel, since all wars are like hell so it does not matter who are being killed by whom. Iran during the period when monarchy prevailed was a prosperous and religiously tolerant state, The last king was progressive but ahead of his time. The late king of Iran crushed the bigots with merciless cruelty. On the contrary Kemal Pasha crushed the religious preachers in a different way. Kemal simply asked the religious leaders to keep themselves in religious preaching and leave the administration in the hands of civilians backed by the army. In this manner Kemal Pasha was more successful than the monarch of Iran who became an iconoclast. But we have to examine the economic factor in crushing the religious leaders in both the countries. In comparison to Turkey Iran is rich in oil and gas. Americans and the western countries are applying advanced technology to explore oil and gas. In absence of other minerals, the monarch of Iran had to oblige the US and UK to plunder the oil and gas of Iran while Turkey became a member of NATO in order to protect its territorial integrity from the USSR and other countries. But Turkey remained a sick man of the world.

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 A few religious living a luxurious life in Paris launched agitation for toppling the Shaha and establish a regime operated by bigots and fanatics. The late Ruhollah Khumanie created hate against the king so much that common people were ready to die for religion. The abdicated and left Iran at the mercy of bigots who introduced Tribal laws and in the name of religion mass execution of innocents were followed. Any one being suspected of a supporter of the deposed king met gallows. One particular Ayatollah named Ayatollah Khalkhali became famous as hanging judge. Ayatollah Ruhollah  hallah Khomeini was an insulin  independent  diabetic but his religious ideas were so strong that he openly advocated genocide of those opposed to rigorous religious rituals. His supporters also spread the rumors that Khumanie was the same Imam who disappeared thousands years ago to save his life and surprisingly a vast majority of Iranians believed this revelations. And by the time Khumanie dies Iran was a self-declared theological state based upon strange and cruel laws. The late king encouraged education among women and initiated several welfare measures. Modern Iran was built by a ruthless but a broad hearted king.

Iran show down with Israel started as a result of the deposed king’s close proximity with the Jewish state. Small groups Shia Muslims were active against Israel in Lebanon, a Christian majority state. New leaders concluded that opposing Israel would lead Iran to lead the Islamic world as Israel mercilessly defeated Islamic nations in declared war. By Oslo Accord certain understandings were reached between Israel and the Palestinians but an organization known as Hamas opposed the accord and made commitment to erase Israel. This terror group was funded by Islamic nations which suffered at the hands of Israel. In Egypt the Hamas was known as a younger brother of Islamic Brotherhood. Later on Egypt realized the   futility of war with Israel and reached an agreement with Israel. Later on Kamp David Agreement came into force. This agreement was signed by Arafat and the PM of Israel. Unfortunately, the belligerence of Iran and the bellicose utterances of certain Shia leaders removed any scope for peace and the terrorist outfit of Shia Muslims known as Hezbollah was formed. Iran started funding Hezbollah and the Hamas and thereby escalating regional tension. Belligerence of Iran turned entire Middle East into a killing field. It is meaningless to ask in the middle east  Who started the fight. Hamas and Hezbollah unleashed war of terror. Israel retaliated by eliminating terrorists and the civilians who were used as shield by terrorists. Since it is for survival for Israel so this country has become aggressive but its faith in democracy has earned silent support in several Islamic states  No Islamic state wants a sovereign terror state as their neighbor and privately these Islamic states rejoice the victory of Israel over Hamas and the Hezbollah. These two terror organizations have carried several terror attacks against the US and Israel in different countries.

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND INDIAN FOREIGN POLICY.

 

By K P Paswan

 What is so special of foreign policy of India? Is Narendra Modi different from the PM of UK or the Chancellor of Germany or the PM of Japan. We will try to find a possible answer.

 Narendra Modi is neither an angel or devil. He is an elected PM of an open democracy. Indian foreign policy also demonstrates economic development.

 Modi is not the last man standing but certainly he is the last of the Mohican. No political figures in power is above criticism and Modi is not an exception.   Change of guard may shape Indian Foreign Policy. New global order is not understood by politicians in the opposition camp. With Caste Census, apartheid is now official in India. India is the only country in the world which survives on the caste-oriented politics. Modi is a popular political figure and to dislodge him from power, the opposition has formed a platform popularly known as I.N.D, I, A. A closer look at this strange platform with strange name reveal that almost every member is old jail bird and old sinner. Some are outside of jail while a good number of politicians are standing in Q to enter jail with smile on his face. NDA led by NarendraModi is also not above board but at least Modi is there to control them. 

There was a minister in the cabinet of Modi named Arun Jetli. He was an excellent English speaker; his honesty was unquestionable but he used to shield corrupt politicians belonging to the Grand Old Party. He was more popular amongst the Modi’s haters than in NDA. If Modi is to be replaced, he must be replaced by a seasoned politician and certainly not by a jail bird belonging to INDIA.

AGE OF HUMILIATIONS. ESSENCE OF INDIAN FOREIGN POLICY

Indian foreign policy has been drafted  as per prevailing international politics. At the time of independence, India was an underdeveloped country  Education was the privelege of a few Indians. Faster Dulles , the Secretary of State of US had a dig at India when he declared that countries which don’t support US are enemies of US. USSR supported India when the first PM introduced Five year plans, Soviet Unions helped India to establish heavy industries but at what cost? Mixed economy was the cornerstone of five-year plans, but it was not properly evaluated or tested. Steels mills were established like Bhilai, Bokaro etc all of them have become sick as new technology was not available in the Soviet Union. Stock market was not in operation and except Tata and Birla no private industries flourished, however small manufacturing units continued to flourish.

 DEVELOPMENT. Pt Nehru described new manufacturing units as new Temples of India, But Mixed economy was total failure. And by 1980 all the manufacturing and public undertaking except Indian Oil Corporation and Steel Authority of India,  were declared as sick. It was only after opening of Indian economy that gradually foreign investment starting pouring into India but not like China wher American investment reached at its zenith.

  Coming to Indian Foreign Policy,a former officer of Indian foreign service is holding the post of Foreign Minister of India. As expected, an experience hand in foreign affairs is in a position to understand the complex diplomacy which has emerged along with new global order. US is still a super power with capacity to explore the outer space  and introduce technology beneficial and destructive to the human race. As an economic power, China has reduced the hegemony of the US  and it is itself trying to expand its undefined political influence. India had cultural relations with China since the dawn of civilization but in modern times cultural relations is no more a binding force. China has humiliated India in 1962 and is still  trying to dictate politics of India. China is funding anti Indian elements who foment troubles for financial gains.  But China  is not in a position to humiliate India. With increase in foreign investment India has  achieved  sustained economic growth. Contrary to popular belief China has not grabbed Indian territory either in Galvan valley or somewhere else. Under such circumstance’s diplomacy may play an important role in averting trouble with China. Shadow diplomacy is undergoing between China and India, US has replaced China as the largest trading partner

  India has border disputes with China and Pakistan. India fought several war with Pakistan, After independence Indian foreign policy was shaped by Pt Nehru who was also the Foreign Minister  of India.  He did not allow Cold War to cloud the Indian politics. Being an underdeveloped country India had no effective role to play between two super powers , India advocated a policy of non-alignment  while Pakistan signed the Bagdad pact under which CEATO a defence organization was formed, it means Pakistan was protected by US. However in the case of China, India faced uncertain diplomacy. While India recognized Chinese suzerainty over Tibet, China was not allowed to draw Line of Control as per its own plan. The result was Indo China war in 1962 in which India lost a large swath in Tibet and in north frontier Agency. So, It was an era of Cold war in which brilliant  diplomats, both foreign and Indian like Else worth bunker Dean Rusk(Secretary of State  of US. S  Nagarkety, Y Gundevia  from India  were playing important roles. But humiliations of India did not end.

With opening of economy after 1990 Indian Foreign Policy was molded as per new  changing dynamics of diplomacy between India and other developed nations. Collapse of USSR mean not only the collapse of  Non Alignment  but also the end of closed economy  and in its place emerging economy in India started influencing foreign policy.

 ECONOMY. Whether Narendra Modi survives the next election or not but he is responsible for the present state of emerging economy, For a country like India beset with caste and creed, he realised that India could not generate a strong voice without an emerging economy. True the economic has returned to growth,  but a big part of it consists of restocking  after a savage down turn  that has left inventeries depleted but for that the brutal virus is accountable. In no point  over the coming decades  will the defecit be below  3-5% of GDP  This is itself a reflection of the economic policy which has shaped foreign policy.   The former Governor of RBI made a mess of Indian banking system. At present Indian banking system is highly praised by World Bank.

If N Modi is replaced than his successor  will inherit a strong economy if at the behest of incompetent economist, he may have the choice of bringing down the defecit to  to a sustainable  which means no more than 3% og GDP.. Taxation has to be increased and all kinds of Freebies are to be removed, No government dared to implement this deadly plan.

So there are indications that India may see humiliation if any change in economic policy pirsued by Modi is initiated, as it will badly impact  a rational foreign policy.

 Final Thought. A sustained growth has influenced foreign policy of India. The days of humiliations are over. Let us hope it will continue.