NUCLEAR ARSENALS THAN AND NOW.

 

By K P Paswan.

Before WW2, Otto Hahn split up atoms, Open Heimer enriched the Uranium and Edward Taylor manufactured Hydrogen bomb in US. Hitler also tried his best to manufacture Nukes and for this legendary physicist Werner Heisenberg tried to enrich Uranium imported from Belgium. Heisenberg is the scientist who propounded the Uncertainty principles which goes beyond the theory of Relativity and puts question mark on the necessity of a creator of the universe. Einstein was alarmed and did not accept Uncertainty Principles and declared that “I don’t think that GOD plays dice”

US came to know the sinister design of Hitler and the secret agency was ordered to eliminate the Nobel Laureate Heisenberg. It is still a mystery why the founder of the Quantum physics failed to achieve the Critical mass while enriching the Uranium which have enabled Hitler to play havoc in the war-torn Europe, the killers found the great scientist but he was not assassinated. US manufactured Nukes. One of the US technologists passed the necessary technological information to a Russian scientist and Soviet Russia also manufactured Nukes.

Igor Kurchatov and Alexanders Sakharov were scientists behind splendid progress of modern Russia in manufacturing powerful nukes. Sakharov was responsible for the development of Hydrogen bomb and the might of Communists empire in nuclear arsenals worried US and the west feared the world slipping away from the grip of Western power. On 31^st December 1961 Soviet Russia succeeded in exploding the most powerful therm o nuclear weapon named as RDS 220 or popularly known as TSAR BOMBA. This nuclear weapon was detonated at Novaya Zemlya in Severn island (Arctic). Blinded by Tsar Bomba, Nikita Khrushchev, the strong man of Soviet Russia tried to encircle US by deploying missiles and deadly weapons in Cuba. Khrushchev also threatened to bury the west, but this threat by Khrushchev is open for debate.  For the first time US and USSR were facing each other but firm decisions taken by Kennedy forced Soviet Russia a humiliating retreat.

During the presidency of Eisenhower US invested heavily in developing tactical nuclear weapon which are designed to deploy in a war fighting situation on the battle field rather than on long range ballistic missiles aimed at the capital of other nations. In 1950 US developed W 25 the smallest nuclear weapon. It is presumed that Russia has also manufactured small nuclear weapon and may use if Putin think that Russia is losing the competition with the mighty nation on the earth but this is just a speculation in a bipolar politics.

 RDS 220 Tsar Bomba led US to accelerate the manufacture the equally powerful nukes and with outstanding nuclear technology, USSR dream to rule the world gradually faded away. Cold war was playing havoc and hardliner Communists in Moscow failed to boost internal economy. In fact, except in nuclear and exploration of outer space USSR lagged behind West in other technological advance and this weakened the Communist ideology

Now it appears that Russia is far ahead in the development of advanced nuclear technology and can challenge the might of a mighty US, But the facts are otherwise. We often hear about UFO and the arrival of aliens in a place in US named as Area 51.The news about arrival of Aliens is perhaps the most ugliest joke. For the last forty years American spacecraft VOYAGER is roaming in outer space and has crossed the foundry of the solar system. Biological human beings cannot cover million of light years to reach the planet Earth, only gadgets with artificial intelligence can roam aimlessly in the vast space and such type of Alien spacecraft can easily intercept VOYAGER,   but no Alien space craft with artificial intelligence has intercepted the American space craft. Fact of the matter is that Area 51 is being used to manufacture advanced  defense mechanism to foil the attempt of enemy to use nuclear weapons against US. Both Russia and China are aware of the developments. Russia has refused to recognized  India, China, France, UK, Pakistan and N Korea as the nuclear power. At the same time Putin has made it clear that since US was already a Superpower, there was no need for Russia to become another Superpower.

So the safety of human civilization is in the hands of US and Russia. All others so called Nuclear powers can bark but cannot bite. So  even in remote future there is not even scant hope that US and Russia confront with each other.It will be an apocalyptic confrontation and there will be no Armageddon.

 Mutual Agreed Destruction are unofficial understanding between US and Russia and if it is real than it is an open  invitation to cloud the civilization with fear of elimination.

Both US and Russia have a clear doctrine setting out the conditions  under which nuclear weapons could be used. And that is wholly reassuring. The mutually agreed doctrine include the options to use nuclear weapons if either US or Russia face existential threat. Defeat of either US or Russia in a battle with another country like Iraq, Vietnam or Afghanistan might be embarrassing for the US but  would not be an existential threat. Fact of the matter is that US won the ground battle in Vietnam under Gen Westmoreland. It also won the battle in Iraq, in Afghanistan it was not a real battle it was like a Crusade. In Ukraine Russia has virtually destroyed the fighting capability of Zelensky despite of deadly weapons sold by NATO and US.As well as the rhetoric  there are real concern  that the changing nature of nuclear weapons  may destabilize the traditional deterrence  equations---- creating many more possible scenarios  than nuclear strategists  and games theory witnessed during the era of Cold war.

But that would be a big gamble. China is the second largest economy but it cannot match either US or Russia in advanced nuclear technology. If China forces Taiwan to surrender by threatening to nuke Taiwan other nuclear armed states would conclude that  the nuclear age has ushered in a new era of nuclear impunity  where they could do  what they liked in regional conflicts and territorial disputes  because no one dare to fight them. Pakistan with help from other Islamic states was dreaming to teach India a lesion by nuking India, fortunately India with its advanced missile system is in a position to destroy the Pakistani stockpiles of nuclear arsenals and divide Pakistan into several sovereign Islamic states by resorting to conventional war methods.

Similarly, China may desist from hostile face off with India. US has rightly concluded that if China’s neighbors suffer devastating fall out  because of Chine misadventures in Taiwan than  US might seek to trigger  AUKUS ‘s collective  defense provisions.

 FINAL THOUGHT, Both US and Russia know that with the end of Cold war and in a new world order they cannot become the living manifestation of destiny, the target being the human race.

 

CASTE CENSUS IN INDIA.

 

BY K P PASWAN.

Caste census has been initiated by a few Indian states and  supported indirectly by the ruling party at the centre. There is sinister design in this type of caste census, After every decade there is general Census which can be used to know the number of castes and the progress made by them. Since Indian politics is caste oriented and the society is divided on the basis of caste so the motive behind the caste census ultimately may prove detrimental to the sovereignty of India

India is only country in the world where Apartheid is officially recognized.High Court has stayed the caste census , this certainly good news.

The caste census has been initiated by a state named Bihar which is notorious for preaching the virtues of caste system. One former Chief Minister of Bihar is in prison for amassing wealth and he was known as the worst politician favouring a particular caste. This particular caste was identified as the government caste. His successor has pioneered three industries in Bihar, Kidnapping, Bootlegging and Extortion. These industries are taking the forms of MNC. This fellow has brought high ranking officers of his caste from all over India and allowed them to plunder Bihar. This man enjoys the support of the ruling party. This chief minister recently released a large number of dreaded criminals and one of them was convicted for killing a Dalit District Magistrate. The objective is to prevent the Dalits and other marginalized castes from casting their votes in the ensuing general election in India. Surprisingly a few rootless Dalits politicians are supporting the moves of releasing the dreaded criminals.

 UNITING POLITICAL CRIMINALS. Chief Minister of Bihar is engaged in uniting the oppositions against the current PM but in reality, criminals are being united. One of the most corrupt Chief Minister from South India has expressed his support for the Caste Census. Diversity and multiculturalism are being cited as the binding forces, if it is so than the logic of caste census may be debated. One of the famous American Nobel Laureate in physics is convinced that diversity has destroyed the mighty nation. But in India situation is somewhat different. Every body is conscious of his caste identity. It is also a fact that while most of the Brahmins hate Dalits but murder of Dalits are being carried by the so called backward castes along with a particular caste who connived with the Mughals for enjoying political power. General Ra heel Sharif is the former Army Chief of Pakistan, now he is in Saudi Arabia where he proudly declares himself a true Rajput belonging to Jodhpur royalty. His claims have been supported by the government of Uzbekistan. But in India most of the Rajput,  are not oppressing the Dalits.

 PRO CASTE LOBBY. There are large number of men and women clamoring for Caste Census but the reasons appear to be without any logic. These groups argue that even the upper castes were oppressed in the paste it is true that with the comings of foreign rulers there was widespread oppression of Indians who refused to accept new religion. But the so-called upper caste were occupying higher status than really oppressed groups among them. However it appears that the current Prime Minister of India, despite of shortcomings cannot be removed by fair means so strong castiest lobby is being created by a group of corrupt politicians to create political and social tensions so that a coalition government may be formed at the centre. But the past records of such type government show dismal performance, so caste census must be discarded. Interestingly the highest court has refused to  declare caste census as opposed to basic structures of the constitution. The highest court however agreed to  hear case related to same sex marriages on strange grounds.

 Origin of caste system is shrouded in mystery. Ancient Vedic religion reveals four Varnas, Brahmins, Kshatriya ( Warriors) Vaishyas (trading cases) and Shudra were supposed to render services to others but it is doubtful if untouchability prevailed. With passage of time lower castes emerged to suffer. Their lives did not matter and as per several ancient scriptures murder and oppression of lower castes were common and without system of justice. Original varna system disappeared. Several foreign invaders like Scythian Huns Kushans merged with followers of Vedic religion and they were recognized as upper castes, Untouchables suffered further at the hands of new warriors, Priestly classes like Brahmins prevented lower castes from reading Vedas and other important religious scriptures.

  Bihar is one of the states of India and is notorious for caste-oriented politics. This state is the poorest state in India. Surprisingly Bihar is producing largest number of groups one officers like Indian Foreign Services, Indian Administrative services etc. Bihar has taken the initiative of  development of all castes, which is against the constitution.   Caste census is likely to increase social tension and Dalits are going to suffer. In India nearly ninety nine percent of Brahmins are supporters of untouchability but atrocities against Dalits are being committed by the backward classes while a particular community Thakurs are still thinking that the Dalits are slaves. So Bihar is in news for wrong reasons. Indian constitution declares equality as the fundamental right of the people, Caste system is not recognized by the constitution but it cannot be erased as majority of Indians believe in sticking to caste system. When certain people approached the Apex court with a plea to declare the caste census as illegal, the Apex Court threw away the petition and the supporters of caste census in Bihar started dancing.

INTERFAITH MARRIAGE is becoming very common in India and generally in such type of marriage brides accept the religion of their husbands. India is a highly polarized society and one lady in an English platform wrongly stated that lower castes were against interfaith marriages. In realty lower castes had no social identity and rape of girls belonging to lower castes were common. So, inter castes  and interfaith among Dalits hardly matters. Dalits girls are marrying outside their religion out of compulsion. In a diverse culture, interfaith marriage has become common and nothing can be done to erase this.Girls belonging to higher castes generally prefer interfaith marriages.

CONCLUSION,Caste census may tarnish the image of India in the world.

KHALISTAN,MYTH OR REALTY.

 

 By K P PASWAN

.

India ia witnessing a different kind of agitation by a group of people in Punjab. A large number of Sikhs migrated to US, Canada, UK and Australia. Outside India these people are mostly engaged in different type of business and some of them are supporting separate sovereign nation for the Sikhs. . Most of the Sikhs are Jats who follow the teachings of Guru-Nanak and in the beginning these people were ardent supporters of Hindus and some of the prominent Gurus (Wise men) suffered at the hands of Mughals as they refused to convert themselves to the religion of the Mughals. As a matter of fact it was Ranjit Singh who first founded an empire for the Sikhs in the 18^th century. His kingdom consisted parts of Afghanistan and Pakistan and modern Lahore being the capital of the kingdom of Ranjit Singh. In the history of contemporary period we find fierce battle between Sikhs and Muslims and British but the colonial power succeeded in defeating the adversaries. We don’t find demand for a separate sovereign state for the Sikhs. It was impossible to break the brotherhood between Sikhs and the Hindus.

BACKGROUND. At the time of creation of Pakistan there was no mention of Khalistan, neither Lord Mountbatten nor Pundit Jawaharlal Nehru knew anything about Khalistan. After 1950 there were murmurs of a separate sovereign nation for the Sikhs but than there were also demand for sovereign nations for the Nagas, and for Dravidian but  except in Nagaland ,these were not violent movement on a large scale. Several states were formed on the basis of languages. During the period of Jawaharlal Nehru the PM of India, the Nagas and the Muslims in J&K demanded separate lands for themselves, we find violent agitation in Kashmir and Nagaland but  there was no mention of separate land for the Sikhs.

Multiculturalism and diversity are the greatest enemies of a sovereign nation. It has created anarchy in US. Canada and Australia are turning these nations into dense  of criminals who are bent upon destroying the  social and political institutions of the countries of their origin.

At the time of partition, separate land for the Sikhs was discussed. Major religious centre of Sikhs like Nankana Sahib is located in Punjab which was Muslims majority [provinces and the Sikhs were not ready to live under the rules which were alien to them, so demand was not pursued. Master Tara Singh continued to raise the slogan but he had few supporters  There is a close relations between Sikhs and Hindus. They are laborious, finding less opportunity of jobs Sikhs migrated legally and illegally to Canada, UK, US and Australia. Most of the migrants lost closer ties with Hindus and an idea of Khalistan began to resurface.

Hindus and Sikhs are virtually inseparable as there was and still is close relations  as the Jat communities dominate both the Hindus and the Sikhs. It is also on the records that the Sikh sect was founded to protect the Hindus from the onslaught of the Muslims, however with passage of time the distance between two faiths was growing due to political reasons,. With creation of Pakistan for Muslims and that too on religious ground, Sikhs, Nagas, Mizos and the Tamils also wanted separate sovereign states like Pakistan, if accepted India was likely to balkanization of a vast country.  Freedom struggle was to free India from the shackle of the colonial power, British empire never thought of dividing India on the basis of religions being practiced by small groups of people. of the colonial power. Both Pt Jawaharlal Nehru and Sardar Patel failed to anticipate the growing ambition among certain groups of people. After demise of Sardar Patel Pt Nehru was unquestioned leader of India but it was during his period that secessionists were galvanized in  J &K and in Northeast Eastern India. Pt Nehru was perhaps convinced that with economic progress demands for separatists would disappear. But over-ambition of his daughter Indira Gandhi led to galvanization of separatists in different parts of the country. Resurface of Khalistan is being attributed to her ambitions.

 1980s witnessed Green revolution and manufacturing activities in Punjab at its zenith, still Sikhs wanted more  and out of frustration the demand for Khalistan reached its pinnacle when Indira Gandhi became the PM of the country, She is regarded as the strongest nationalist but she also cared for more political power. It was her dream to retain in power and this attitude led to emergence of leader like Bhinderwale who acted like Bin Laden and escalated the social and political tension in Punjab and even and challenged the authority of Indira Gandhi. Some of the disgruntled politicians belonging to opposite parties also played in encouraging violence. The decade of 1980 witnessed murder of important political leaders by the separatists Ultimately Operation Blue Star witnessed the elimination of dreaded preacher Bhindrenwale but  Indira Gandhi also sacrificed her life in order to foil the attempts of misguided elements.

 At present a semi-literate preacher challenged the administration of Punjab and this former driver in the middle east even threatened to assassinate to the home minister of India. This was the moment when this preacher sealed his fate. This preacher enjoyed the patronage of the ruling party. But there is difference between the period of Indira Gandhi and the present regime. With the spread of ultra-modern communication, separatists cannot withstand the adverse public opinion. India has become a soft target, they will not demand Khalistan in Pakistan which has become bankrupt but still has the capacity to cause unrest with active help of some politicians. Punjab is a small state and is in the grip of severe drug trafficking. It is no longer a prosperous state. A new government was installed to tackle the problems of corruption and drug addiction but the new government has badly failed to contain social anarchy.

 Conclusion, the preacher has been arrested and is spending in a prison in Dibrugarh. There is not even scant hope of his release in near future. Except in UK, US and Canada there was no widespread agitation against the arrest of the preacher. Pakistan if involved in funding the Preacher than it means trouble for a bankrupt nation. Narendra Modi may make  life hell of the ruling regime of Islamabad. India has learned  the nature of mistakes committed by a strong Indira Gandhi and history shall no be repeated.from the

OVERACTIVE INDIAN JUDICIARY.

 

BY K P PASWAN.

 Fierce verbal battle is going on in India between Judiciary and the executive ,subject matter being the appointment of Judges.

At present Indian Judiciary is under scanner for various reasons. Judges of Apex court are being appointed by a Collegium of judges which is not found in other  democratic countries in the world The system, interestingly was introduced by the Supreme court itself in 1993 when a weak central coalition government was functioning . PM of the contemporary India was responsible for social tension and political instability.  Supreme court introduced Collegium System headed by Chief Justice and assisted by three senior most judges to appoint judges of High Court and Supreme court. Collegium also deals with promotion and transfer of high court judges.

BACKGROUND. Before 1993, Indians witnessed some of the brilliant judges occupying the post of judges of supreme court. There was complete independence of Judiciary. In Goloknath case the Apex Court gave the ruling that parliament could not amend the constitutions but it was the famous Keshwanand bharti case that Supreme Court introduced the concept of Basic Structures and debarred parliament from amending the basic structures of the constitution but the Apex court failed to elaborate the nature of basic structures, Religion tolerance and freedom of speech are inbuilt in Indian constitution and there is no dispute but it is left upon the apex court to explain and pronounce other types of basic structures whenever situation arises, for example appointment of judges and independence of judiciary are regarded as basic structures, this is surprising as independence of judiciary cannot be questioned in an open democracy. Late PM Indira Gandhi superseded several senior judges just to appoint a particular person as the Chief Justice of India. She also introduced terms like Secular and Socialist in the preamble. Secularism and Socialism have lost relevance in modern age as the entire world is under the cloud of religion bigotry and radicalism is spreading like virus.The term Socialism has become a metaphor in the hands of politicians who cannot differentiate between evening and morning. In the same way social welfare without discrimination is the cornerstone modern democracy. Preamble of Indian constitution reflects true nature of basic structures and the preamble has been amended by a PM  (Indira Gandhi)who is regarded as one of the most ambitious but strong political figure of India.

 Indira Gandhi wanted a committed judiciary and a committed Bureaucracy, she succeeded in achieving her objects. Same thing is happening in Israel, wherein PM Netanyahu is engaged in fierce verbal battle with judiciary and is bent upon taming the judiciary by making the legislature more powerful than judiciary. Benjamin Netanyahu may be right as the elected  representatives cannot be allowed to become mute spectators when development of the country is halted by a series of judicial pronouncements. In Brazil. Supreme Court  created problems for president Bolsomaro. There are reasons to believe that pandemic in Brazil was not handled in an effective way as President and the Supreme Court engaged in verbal fighting.

Strange is the behavior of the Supreme Court of the mighty nation, US which is  an open democracy. In the US Guns Culture is the fundamental of personal freedom and this Guns culture has claimed thousands of lives and there is hardly any month in which innocents are not massacred by the supporters of Guns culture. There is executive command issued by the most powerful president of this planet only to be declared null and void by the judiciary giving license to certain individuals to carry out mass shooting in schools or at crowded place. American judiciary acknowledges the supremacy of the executive but find itself at the receiving end as Guns culture is an embodiment of personal freedom  enshrined in the constitution.  Situations have so worsened that it is said that US might colonist the Red Planet but cannot end the Guns culture by a constitutional amendment which is impossible. What is surprising that one political party openly supports the possession of deadly guns while other party is equally determined to control the violence.

In India situation is alarming. Indian society is caste ridden and politicians cannot do politics without glorifying the caste system. Judges appoint themselves and it is not written in the Indian constitution that a Collegium can dictate the president of India and above all ORDER the PM to accept the appointment of judges as suggested by the Collegium. Recently Indian Judiciary instructed the Government of India that Chief Justice  of the Supreme Court has to be given authority to have a say in the appointment of Chief Election Commissioner and members of the Election Commission of India. Flabbergasted by this judicial verdict diatribe against the judiciary is seen in every section of society..  But Supreme Court shall not allow the executive to interfere in the composition of Collegium as this tantamount to independence of judiciary. By Collegium system the Apex Court has virtually inaugurated an era of dynastic culture in the judiciary. Taking advantage of the fragile nature of elected government Apex Court is behaving like parliament. 

  American president is a politician and he appoints Judge which is further subject to cross examination by politicians in the Senate, and once appointed there is scant chance of lampooning the autonomy of the judiciary, but in India  Independence Of Judiciary is in danger is cried by the judges and the corrupt and disgruntled politician.In such circumstances principles of Check And Balance are disturbed and people suffer.Supreme Court in India cannot bear involvement of politicians in the appointment of judges. Mounting cases of pendency reflect the true nature of judiciary. Lawyers in India have their own ethics and they think themselves as real Lawmakers, most of them argue in the air   and hardened criminals and money launderers are favorite clients of these money hankering lawyers.

 FINAL WORDS,  Independence of judiciary is necessary in an open  democracy. It must be guaranteed and respected by legislature and the executive but in India  judiciary is asserting its authority in a wrong way. Days are not far off when Indian Supreme Court may ask a greater say in the appointment of certain high posts. It even may ask a permanent Judge as a member of the Cabinet Appointment Committee headed by PM. Indian minister of Law has described Collegium system as an alien to the constitution. Judiciary cannot be allowed to overtake the parliament to enforce its own views. Executive in India is virtually meritless and spiritless but in a democracy people are sovereign and executive  owes its primacy to an elected government. This has to be acknowledged.